"Food examination can be divided into two categories: 1. Product quality inspection; 2. Product sanitation inspection, which is relatively difficult with high investment.
食品檢驗可分為兩大項：一是檢測產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)項目;二是檢測產(chǎn)品的衛(wèi)生項目，這一類項目的檢測相對難度大、投資高。
Health projects preparation of food inspecting and testing laboratory / 食品檢驗檢測實驗室衛(wèi)生項目籌建：
Health projects include microorganisms, additives, harmful elements, agricultural residues, animal residues, toxins, etc.
衛(wèi)生項目包括微生物、添加劑、有害元素、農(nóng)殘留、獸殘留、毒素等。
1. Microorganisms: Microbiology laboratory should be laid out in accordance with the requirements of the specified standards of biological laboratory instruments and equipment. The necessary equipment includes clean workbench, incubator, high temperature sterilizing oven, electric furnace, etc. Other devices are configured according to the specific test items.
微生物：建微生物實驗室要按照生物實驗室設(shè)備及裝備規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求進(jìn)行布局。必要的設(shè)備有潔凈臺、培養(yǎng)箱、高壓滅菌鍋、電爐等，其它設(shè)備則根據(jù)具體檢測項目配置。
2. Additives and harmful elements: Some of the projects can use chemical methods. But to meet with the requirements of the current national standards of food hygiene, you should purchase gas phase chromatograph-hydrogen flame detector, liquid phase chromatography-ultraviolet/visible light detector, atomic absorption spectrometer-graphite furnace detector, atomic fluorescence spectrometer, etc.
添加劑和有害元素：有一部分項目可以用化學(xué)法，但想滿足現(xiàn)在國標(biāo)的食品衛(wèi)生要求，應(yīng)該購置氣相色譜-氫火焰檢測器、液相色譜-紫外/可見光檢測器、原子吸收儀-石墨爐檢測器、原子熒光儀等。
3. Residual pesticides: Gas chromatography is needed for detecting residual pesticides. The laboratory should be equipped with electron capture detector (ECD), if you want to detect organic chlorine pesticide. Nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) or flame photometric detector (FPD) should be equipped to detect organic phosphorus pesticide. Nowadays, there are more and more pesticide-detecting items to be done. In order to improve the generality, purchasing capillary column split-splitless injection port and installing capillary column are suggested. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer can be purchased for export food processing enterprises to control the quality of raw materials and products.
殘留農(nóng)藥：檢測殘留農(nóng)藥氣相色譜是不能少的。檢測有機(jī)氯農(nóng)藥，需配電子俘獲ECD檢測器;檢測有機(jī)磷農(nóng)藥，需配火焰光度FPD檢測器或氮磷NPD檢測器。現(xiàn)在農(nóng)殘檢測的項目越來越多，為提高通用性，建議配置毛細(xì)管柱分流/不分流進(jìn)樣口，安裝毛細(xì)管色譜柱。出口食品加工企業(yè)為了把好生產(chǎn)原料和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量關(guān)，可以配置氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜儀。
4. Animal residues: As to detection of veterinary drug residues, there are few detecting items and more batches, so it is suggested that a set of ELISA Reader should be purchased and configured. For export food enterprises that have a certain scale, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer is a better choice.
殘留獸藥：若進(jìn)行殘留獸藥的檢測，項目不多且批次多，可以配置酶聯(lián)免疫儀。對于有一定規(guī)模的出口食品企業(yè)，配置一臺液相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜儀。